Creams with water need lots of additives
Water never comes alone. Creams with H2O need a lot of additives. A look at the INCI list of most care products reveals that the ingredient no. 1 is water. Great, you think, it's healthy. You test the cream: a nice consistency, there is a fresh kick as soon as you apply it and it also absorbs quickly.
Feel good factor vs. Skin Health
While ointments were still used in grandma's time, the trend today is towards light textures. Sounds progressive, but it's just a step towards wellness, not skin health. This is not due to the water itself, but to the many side effects that the necessary additives cause. Below I will introduce you to the most important ones:
1. Water needs preservatives
Water contaminates within a few days because microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi thrive in it. Therefore, every cream with a water content automatically contains preservatives.
Natural cosmetics companies usually use alcohol because it has little allergenic potential and, as a broad-spectrum preservative, protects against a whole range of germs. However, it is not suitable for sensitive skin as it irritates and dries it out.
Conventional products rely on a combination of preservatives for a wide variety of germs. That means even more substances that stress your skin. Some of these can cause allergies.
2. Water and oil can only be turned into a cream with emulsifiers
Since oil and water don't mix, water-based creams need emulsifiers. They combine both substances with each other - in the pot and on your skin. When fat and water have long since moved in, the emulsifiers remain there. If new water is added from outside, they combine it with the skin's own fats.
There is a washing-out effect in which an important part of your skin's protective layer is removed, namely the skin's own fats, the so-called lipids. It is becoming drier and more susceptible to bacteria and the like. You can find more about this in our article on emulsification.
3. No creamy texture without consistency enhancers
There are also substances that ensure the right texture. Think of your favorite jam. It consists of many water-containing fruits that are mixed with a gelling agent so that the jam does not remain liquid but maintains its delicious consistency. Creams with H2O need similar stabilizers. So even more what your skin has to deal with.
4. Water requires substances that balance pH
The skin is surrounded by a protective acid mantle. Their pH is therefore in the acidic range of 4.5 to 5.75. Water has a pH of 7 and other ingredients have their own values. In order not to disturb the protective acid mantle, the pH value of the care must be adjusted to that of the skin. The more ingredients, the more complex the pH adjustment.